1.
Thesis: Hegemony of the genes? Against the myth created by the industrial
complex of life sciences, mankind is still not at the point to be
totally entangled in the structure of his genes that tell the whole
story about every individual. Genes as the microstructure of the
body are embedded in a social context consisting for example of
social relations or nutritition factors which influence the human
genome system.
2.
Thesis: Art forms life? Marcel Duchamps "Trois stoppage étalon"
made clear that all measures and scales are manmade, not given by
god or to be found as given by so called "laws of nature". Art could
be an important instrument to visualize the microstructural processes
of life science as it did with the fractals. But to gain more social
effectiveness than to contribute to an art market, artists should
engage themselves in creating genetic artistic products of their
own together with genetic engineers.
Genetic
engineering and biotechnology are turning out plants and animals-the
living environment of human beings-on an ever-increasing scale and
are thus creating structures of life that are inescapable and artificially
rigged-up. This quotidian construction and production of nature
provokes intense opposition, although this is, in essence, a process
which mankind has been engaged in since the very dawn of civilization.
But when it comes to employing genetic engineering in the service
of medicine to wipe out diseases one by one and thus ultimately
to improve the lot of mortal men and women, there is widespread
approval for this technology. The positive reaction to the life
sciences-genetic engineering and biotechnology-is connected with
the age-old human dream of immortality. On the other hand, the fear
in the face of the threat posed by phenomena such as genetically-
manipulated foodstuffs is fed by the realization that this dream
remains unfulfilled by these technologies and, like every stage
which has preceded it, this one has its price and bears with it
the inherent risk of uncontrollable development.
Popular
culture narratively and visually propagates the prospects and defects
of this technology. It announces in a manner as trivial as it is
candid the problems that are in store. For example, implemented
genetic engineering plays a central role in the US cartoon series
Southpark which will be running in Europe this summer. In this show,
cloning as well- intentioned improvement upon nature has already
become a part of everyday life. In school, designing new creatures
is a homework assignment, and gets out of control. One of the series'
chief set locations is a genetic engineering lab, a place of unfortunate
occurrences from which creatures resulting from experiments gone
awry break out on a regular basis-an evil clone of one of the children,
or turkeys that turn wild and destroy the hamlet of Southpark.
The
medium of film shows that duplication in the desired form of identical
reproduction is impossible. There are always problems with doppelgängers
who develop a mind of their own and raise the question of differentiating
between the original and the reproduction. Only the perfect doppelg„nger
is not dangerous; a clone with variant qualities leads to schizophrenia.
Popular culture also contradicts the erroneous opinion that once
a man's DNA is decoded, he can be read like a book, since popular
culture emphasizes the important connection of the development of
genetic information in social contexts. A film like Gattaca dismisses
the widespread opinion that the gene is almighty-the significance
of the right genetic fingerprint is called into question. The human
being's genetic complex remains a construct and an abstract simulacrum
if it does not coincide with a corporeal being existing in a social
context.
Artists
and designers are already disseminating design proposals in other
media besides film and cartoons. Now it's high time to work in collaboration
with scientists directly in the same medium of the life sciences
and to put forth, alongside an industrially-formed genetic world,
a purely aesthetically-motivated variant.
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